It appears that a team of Stanford University researchers may have developed a test to identify patients with Alzheimer’s disease, as well as predict whether patients will develop the disease in the future. If the results hold up and this test does prove to be valid, it will be a major development.
The researchers initially looked at 120 proteins that circulate in the blood, and which cells use to communicate with each other. They settled on 18 that showed the Alzheimer’s signature. When they reviewed the blood of 42 patients who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s, their test came up with 38 of the 42 as positive. In another test, they looked at a group of 22 people that did not have the disease, and accurately predicted that 20 out of the group would develop the disease. Two to five years later, the 22 did develop Alzheimer’s. So they are running at about a 90% success rate.
In addition, 8 patients who later developed other forms of dementia were correctly diagnosed as non-Alzheimer’s. So their level of false positives seems to be low as well.
The test will initially be used in research labs. It may take two years or longer for the test to reach clinics and the general public.
From what our family went through with my Dad, having tests like this would be a real help. Ten years or so ago we first noticed something was not quite right. He had a little more difficulty concentrating, couldn’t do complicated things at work that he used to be able to do, sometimes seemed to lean slightly to the side, etc. At first you really don’t know the exact cause, and even tests over the next few years veered from minor heart attack to minor stroke to possibly some kind of seizure, to later other diseases or maybe a touch of Parkinson’s and Alzheimers.
The problem you face when tests don’t give you a defining disease and matching symptoms, and some of the diseases overlap, is that families and patients are a little in the dark as to what is wrong, what to do now, what medicines or treatments to do or not to do, and what will happen in the future. The various diseases end up taking a whole lot of time, money, and emotional energy from everyone in the family. Given that so many people are living longer, it’s a problem faced by millions of families around the world.
Although I think most people nowadays are at least somewhat aware of Alzheimer’s, I thought I’d put some general info below, most of which is from wikipedia:
Stages and symptoms
Mild — In the early stage of the disease, patients have a tendency to become less energetic or spontaneous, though changes in their behavior often go unnoticed even by the patients' immediate family.
Moderate — As the disease progresses to the middle stage, patients might still be able to perform tasks independently (such as using the bathroom), but may need assistance with more complicated activities (such as paying bills).
Severe — As the disease progresses from the middle to the late stage, patients will not be able to perform even simple tasks independently and will require constant supervision. They become incontinent of bladder and then incontinent of bowel. They will eventually lose the ability to walk and eat without assistance. Language becomes severely disorganized, and then is lost altogether. They may eventually lose the ability to swallow food and fluid, and this can ultimately lead to death.
More info is available at wikipedia:
Alzheimer’s